Punching and shearing machine



J. M. WILCOX.

PUNCHING AND SHEARING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4, 1920.

' Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. M. WILCOX. PUNCHING AND SHEARING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.4, 1920. 1,356,248, Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

2 SHEElS-SHhET Z.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. WILCOX, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

PUNCHING AND SHEARIN'G MACHINE.

Application filed March 4,

To all to from it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN M. WILoox, a. citizen of the United Statesresiding at Cleveland in the county of duyahoga .and State of hio, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Punching and' ShearingMachines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, ref

erence being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to punching and shearing machines and moreparticularly to that class of machines which employ toggle blocks foractuating the movable member.

Heretofore it has been the custom with machines of this character tocomplete the punching or shearing operation with a single stroke of thetoggle, and because of the enormous instantaneous stresses set up duringthis operation, it has been necessary to build a machine of unusuallylarge size and heavy Weight. stationary and when large and unshapelymaterial is to be accurately positioned under the movable member, alarge number of men are required to steady the material in addition tothe crane which supports the weight thereof.

It is the object of my invention, therefore, to provide a machinecapable of exerting the required force for punching said holes and yetconsist of so few and simple parts as will be sufficiently light inweight to permit carrying the machine to the work by a small crane orother support and there be accurately and quickly positioned on thecenter punch mark with the help of only one or two men.

Another object is to provide a machine of this character which shall beso constructed that it will exert a maximumpunching effort with aminimum input of power.

Another object is to provide a novel feed device whereby the punch isenabled to exert a plurality of strokes in overcoming the shearingstress of the material to be punched.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Such machines are usually Patented Oct. 19, 1920. 1920. Serial No.363,217.

of which will be fully described hereinafter and pointed out in theclaims hereto an nexed.

In the accompanying drawings wherein I have shown certain illustrativeembodiments of my invention but without intent to limit myself thereto,Figure 1 is a side elevation of my machine; Fig. 2 is a top plan viewthereof; Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 isan enlarged section taken on the line 14 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a detailview of one form of toggle actuatingmechanism; Fig. 6 is a detailsectional view of the auxiliary punch actuating mechanism; Fig. 7 is aside elevation of a modification of the toggle actuating mechanism; andFig; 8 is a top plan view thereof.

Describing the various parts by reference characters, '1 indicates theside frames of my machine which are held in spaced relation by suitabletransverse bolts 2 and also by the toggle actuating mechanism interposedtherebetween which will be fully described hereinafter. A pair of togglemembers 3-3 are pivotally connected at their lower ends to the crosshead 4, which is slidably mounted in the bearing block 5, the latterbeing fastened between the side frames- 1. At their upper ends thetoggles 33 are each pivotally connected to the toggle blocks 6-6 andthese blocks slidably abut the wedge shaped feed blocks 7 7. A U-shapedstrap 8 surrounds the toggle mechanism and is securely fastened at eachend to the side frames 1 as indicated at 10. Disposed about the upperend of the U-shaped strap 8, is

- a collar 11 from which projects the feed screw 12. Each of the feedblocks'7-7 is connected at their larger end by a transverse arm 13, anda hand wheel 14 is rotatably journaled therein intermediate the endthereof and in alinement with the feed screw 12. It will thus beapparent that as the hand Wheel 14: is rotated on the screw 12 toadvance inwardly toward the collar 11, the feed blocks 77 will be movedinwardly simultaneously and force the toggles downwardly.

A. pair of arms 16-'16 are each pivotally connected at one end to eachof the pivotal joints 1717 of the togglesand at the other end each armis connected to the respective bellcran'ks 18-18 journaled on a commonshaft 19 which is mounted in the vertical brackets 2020. Disposed on theside frames 1 and rearwardly of the brackets 2020 are a pair of bearingblocks 2121 which rotatably support the shaft 22 the outer end of whichhas keyed thereto a worm gear wheel 23. A pair of cam disks 2424 arefastened to the shaft intermediate the side frames 11 and each cam diskis provided with a strap 25, the upper ends of which are pivotally andadjustably connected with each of the bellcranks l818. The cam disks arepreferably so positioned on shaft 22 as to be in opposite phase so thatwhen one toggle member is straight, the other will be relaxed to itsmaximum degree. A bracket 27 is fastened to the rear end of one of theside frames 1 and supports any suitable source of power such as anelectric or air motor 28 which is provided with a worm drive wheel 29adapted to mesh with the worm gear 23.

The forward end of the side frames 1 are each provided with anintegrally formed projection 31 which supports a cylinder 32. A piston33 is slidably mounted therein and is provided with a connecting rod 34which is connected at its lower end to an arm 35 preferably formedintegral with a vertical shaft 36 which is positioned under the crosshead 4. Fluid under pressure is admitted.

from the supply line 37, through the valve 38 to the pipe line 39leading to the cylinder head. A by-pass 40 provided with a check valve41 communicates with the middle and lower portion of the cylinder sothat when the piston 33 passes the upper branch thereof, the fluid willescape therethrough and cushion the descent of the piston. Then thevalve 38 is rocked in the opposite direction the fluid supply line 37 isconnected through the pipe 42 to the lower end of the cylinder to forcethe piston 33 upwardly; the check valve 41 preventing the by-pass fromfunctioning. Suitable petcocks 43, 44 are tapped in the pipes 39 and 42,respectively, to relieve any back pressure or vacuum which may becreated by the movement of the piston 33.

A bail 45 is preferably attached to the side plates l-1 at the center ofgravity of the machine so as to permit easy handling thereof with theaid of a small crane. A pair of guide rollers 4646 are journaled each inone of the arms 47-47 which are adjustably attached to the projections3131 thereby facilitating the movement of the machine over the work. Thepunch 48 is detachably connected to the vertical shaft 36 by a couplingnut 49 to permit various sized punches, shearing blades or similar toolsto be used.

In operation, the machine is suspended over the work by the bail 45 andthe guide rollers 4646 adjusted to the surface thereof. Since themachine is comparatively small and light in weight it may be accuratelyand qui kly positioned over the center mark of the hole to be punched,by one man, while a second man operates the machine in the followingmanner: Valve 38 is rotated to cause piston 33 to descend which carriesthe punch down to the center mark as previously described. The motor isnow started which rotates gear 23 and shaft 22 thereby oscillating thebell-crank 1818 through the medium of cams 2424 causing the toggles 33to break and straighten alternately. The hand wheel 14 is now rotated tofeed the toggle blocks and toggles downwardly until the cross head 4contacts with the shaft 36. As each toggle straightens the punch 48 isforced downwardly into the metal. The hand wheel 14 is rotated slowly totake up the downward movement of each toggle until the shearing stressof the metal is overcome, at which time the pressure which has beencontinuously applied to the top of piston 33 will force the punchedblank through the hole. A collar 52 which is fastened to the cross head4 above the bearing block 5 prevents the cross head and toggle mechanismfrom descend ing farther with the punch. The operator now reverses thevalve 38 which forces piston 33 and punch 48 upwardly to clear the holewhen the machine may be moved to the next punch mark.

The adjustable connection between the bellcranks 1818 and cams 2525permit a maximum and minimum stroke of the toggles, the former to beused on light work where the shearing stress of the metal is not sogreat, and the latter on heavy Work where the shearing stress is highand a short stroke more advantageous.

In Figs. 7 and 8, I have shown a modification of the toggle actuatingmechanism, wherein a single cam disk 60 is mounted on the shaft 22. Thetoggles 6161 are mounted to break alternately in opposite directionsand. each is connected to one of the angularly disposed arms 6262 by alink 63. The arms 62-62 are rigidly mounted on shaft 19 and a single arm63 also rigidly fastened thereto extends rearwardly therefrom. Anadjustable rider 64 is slidably mounted on the arm 63 and is pivotallyconnected at the lower end thereof to the cam strap 65. Adjustment ofthe rider and hence the effective length of arm 63" is effected by thescrew 66 swiveled in projection 67 of arm 63 and threaded in the topportion of the rider. The operation is similar to that previouslydescribed except that the stroke of the punch 48 is varied by the screw66 instead of the adjustable connection between the bellcranks, and thecam straps.

While I have described my machine as being swung from a crane andadapted for a particular use, it will be understood that it may bebolted down in the usual manner and that various tools may besubstituted for the punch.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A device of the class described comprising a support, a toggle membermounted in said support, means for connecting a tool to one end of saidtoggle, a feed device positioned in operative relation to said togglemember and adapted to feed said member and tool through the work in adirection parallel to the line of thrust of said tool, and means foractuating said toggle.

2. A device of the class described comprising a support, a toggle membermounted in said. support, means for actuating said toggle, a tooloperatively connected to the lower end of said toggle, a feed devicepositioned in operative relation to said toggle member and adapted tofeed said member and tool through the work, and means for exerting anadditional force on said tool.

3. A device of the class described comprising a support, a plurality oftoggles slidably mounted in said support, a tool operatively connectedto said toggles, eccentric means for alternately actuating said toggles,a wedge block for moving said toggles and saidtool into operativeengagement with the work and means for exerting an additional force onsaid tool;

4:. A device of the class described comprising a support, a plurality oftoggle members mounted in said support, a tool opera actuating saidtoggles alternately, and a feed device for moving said toggles and saidtool in operative engagement with the work.

5. A device of the class described com prising a support, a plurality oftoggles slidably mounted in said support, a tool operatively connectedto said toggles, eccentric means for successively actuating saidtoggles, a wedge block for moving said toggles and said tool intooperative engagement with the Work and means for varying the stroke ofsaid toggles.

6. A device of the class described comprising a support, a plurality oftoggles mounted in said support and adapted to break and straightenalternately, a tool disposed in operative relation to said toggles, acylinder mounted on said support, a piston slidably mounted in saidcylinder and operatively connected to said tool, and fluid pressuremeans for actuating said piston.

7. A device of the class described comprising a support, a plurality oftoggle members mounted in said support, a tool operatively connected tosaid toggles, means for actuating said toggles, a feed device for movingsaid toggles and said tool in successive steps through the work, andmeans for varying the stroke of said toggles.

8. A device of the class described comprising a support, a plurality oftoggles mounted in said support and adapted to break and straightenalternately, a tool disposed in operative relation to said toggles, andmeans for exerting a force independent of said toggles on said tool.

9. In a device of the class described, the combination of a support, ofa pair of toggles slidably mounted in said support, eccentric means foractuating said toggles alternately involving a pair of cams eachadjustably connected to said toggles, a tool operatively connected tosaid toggles and means for feeding said toggles and said tool intooperative relation to the work.

10. In a device of the class described, the combination with a support,of a plurality of toggles mounted therein, an eccentric mounted on saidsupport and adapted to be rotated, operative connections between saideccentric and each of said toggles and'means for adjusting saidconnections to vary the stroke of said toggles.

11. In a device of the class described, the combination with a supportprovided with a plurality of toggles slidably mounted therein, of a tooldisposed in operative relation to said toggles, and means independent ofsaid toggles for exertin a force on said tool and for returning saiparts to normal position.

12. In a device of theclass described, the combination of a supportprovided with a pair of toggles slidably mounted therein, of a tooloperatively connected to one end of said toggles, a taper block slidablymounted at the other end of said toggles, and adapted to move saidtoggles and tool bodily into engagement with the Work, means foradjusting said block relative to said toggles and means for operatingsaid toggles.

13. In a device of the class described, the combination with a support,of a pair of toggles slidably mounted in said support, means foradjusting the stroke of said toggles, a tool operatively connected tosaid toggles and means for exerting a force on said tool in addition tothat exerted by said toggles.

14. In a device of the class described, the combination with a support,of a pair of toggles slidably mounted in said support, and fluidactuated means for'adjusting said toggles relatively to the workindependent of the actuating means for said toggles.

15. In a device of the class described, the combination with a support,of a tool slidably mounted in said support, and means for advancing saidtool in successive steps through the work.

16. In a device of the class described, the combination with a support,of a tool slidably mounted in said support, means for engaging said toolwith the work, and ad ditional means for advancing said tool insuccessive steps through the work.

17. In a device of the class described, the combination with a support,of a tool slidably mounted in said support, means for engaging said toolwith the work, and ad- 10 ditional means for delivering successiveimpulses to said tool.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

JOHN M. WILCOX.

